8 个 Python 实用脚本，赶紧收藏备用！

脚本写的好，下班下得早！程序员的日常工作除了编写程序代码，还不可避免地需要处理相关的测试和验证工作。

例如，访问某个网站一直不通，需要确定此地址是否可访问，服务器返回什么，进而确定问题在于什么。完成这个任务，如果一味希望采用编译型语言来编写这样的代码，实践中的时间和精力是不够的，这个时候就需要发挥脚本的神奇作用！

好不夸张的说，能否写出高效实用的脚本代码，直接影响着一个程序员的幸福生活[下班时间]。下面整理 8 个实用的 Python 脚本，需要的时候改改直接用，建议收藏！

1.解决 linux 下 unzip 乱码的问题。

import os
import sys
import zipfile
import argparse
'''
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'''
s = '\x1b[%d;%dm%s\x1b[0m'       

def unzip(path):

    file = zipfile.ZipFile(path,"r")
    if args.secret:
        file.setpassword(args.secret)

    for name in file.namelist():
        try:
            utf8name=name.decode('gbk')
            pathname = os.path.dirname(utf8name)
        except:
            utf8name=name
            pathname = os.path.dirname(utf8name)

        #print s % (1, 92, '  >> extracting:'), utf8name
        #pathname = os.path.dirname(utf8name)
        if not os.path.exists(pathname) and pathname != "":
            os.makedirs(pathname)
        data = file.read(name)
        if not os.path.exists(utf8name):
            try:
                fo = open(utf8name, "w")
                fo.write(data)
                fo.close
            except:
                pass
    file.close()

def main(argv):
    ######################################################
    # for argparse
    p = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='解决unzip乱码')
    p.add_argument('xxx', type=str, nargs='*', \
        help='命令对象.')
    p.add_argument('-s', '--secret', action='store', \
        default=None, help='密码')
    global args
    args = p.parse_args(argv[1:])
    xxx = args.xxx

    for path in xxx:
        if path.endswith('.zip'):
            if os.path.exists(path):
                print s % (1, 97, '  ++ unzip:'), path
                unzip(path)
            else:
                print s % (1, 91, '  !! file doesn\'t exist.'), path
        else:
            print s % (1, 91, '  !! file isn\'t a zip file.'), path

if __name__ == '__main__':
    argv = sys.argv
    main(argv)

2.统计当前根目录代码行数。

# coding=utf-8
import os
import time
# 设定根目录
basedir = './'
filelists = []
# 指定想要统计的文件类型
whitelist = ['cpp', 'h']
#遍历文件, 递归遍历文件夹中的所有
def getFile(basedir):
    global filelists
    for parent,dirnames,filenames in os.walk(basedir):
        for filename in filenames:
            ext = filename.split('.')[-1]
            #只统计指定的文件类型，略过一些log和cache文件
            if ext in whitelist:
                filelists.append(os.path.join(parent,filename))
#统计一个的行数
def countLine(fname):
    count = 0
    # 把文件做二进制看待,read.
    for file_line in open(fname, 'rb').readlines():
        if file_line != '' and file_line != '\n': #过滤掉空行
            count += 1
    print (fname + '----' , count)
    return count
if __name__ == '__main__' :
    startTime = time.clock()
    getFile(basedir)
    totalline = 0
    for filelist in filelists:
        totalline = totalline + countLine(filelist)
    print ('total lines:',totalline)
    print ('Done! Cost Time: %0.2f second' % (time.clock() - startTime))

3.扫描当前目录和所有子目录并显示大小。

import os
import sys      
try:
    directory = sys.argv[1]   
except IndexError:
    sys.exit("Must provide an argument.")

dir_size = 0   
fsizedicr = {'Bytes': 1,
             'Kilobytes': float(1) / 1024,
             'Megabytes': float(1) / (1024 * 1024),
             'Gigabytes': float(1) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024)}
for (path, dirs, files) in os.walk(directory):      
    for file in files:                              
        filename = os.path.join(path, file)
        dir_size += os.path.getsize(filename)       

fsizeList = [str(round(fsizedicr[key] * dir_size, 2)) + " " + key for key in fsizedicr] 

if dir_size == 0: print ("File Empty") 
else:
  for units in sorted(fsizeList)[::-1]: 
      print ("Folder Size: " + units)

4.将源目录240天以上的所有文件移动到目标目录。

import shutil
import sys
import time
import os
import argparse

usage = 'python move_files_over_x_days.py -src [SRC] -dst [DST] -days [DAYS]'
description = 'Move files from src to dst if they are older than a certain number of days.  Default is 240 days'

args_parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(usage=usage, description=description)
args_parser.add_argument('-src', '--src', type=str, nargs='?', default='.', help='(OPTIONAL) Directory where files will be moved from. Defaults to current directory')
args_parser.add_argument('-dst', '--dst', type=str, nargs='?', required=True, help='(REQUIRED) Directory where files will be moved to.')
args_parser.add_argument('-days', '--days', type=int, nargs='?', default=240, help='(OPTIONAL) Days value specifies the minimum age of files to be moved. Default is 240.')
args = args_parser.parse_args()

if args.days 12} : {}'.format(charEncoding.rjust(8),
        '('+str(confidence*100)+'%)', filePath))
    if args.encoding and charEncoding != 'Unknown' and confidence > 0.6:
        # 若未设置输出目录则覆盖源文件
        outputPath = args.output + os.path.basename(filePath) if args.output else filePath
        with open(filePath, 'r', encoding = charEncoding, errors = 'replace') as f:
            temp = f.read()
        with open(outputPath, 'w', encoding = args.encoding, errors = 'replace') as f:
            f.write(temp)