android-async-http框架源码分析

async-http使用地址

android-async-http仓库：git clone https://github.com/loopj/android-async-http

源码分析

我们在做网络请求的时候经常通过下面的方式实例化AsyncHttpClient client=new AsyncHttpClient();然后通过系统内置的请求发送请求，通过async内部的请求去做真正的网络请求。

首先得到的是AsyncHttpClient实例，所以从这里入手分析一下：

    /**
     * Creates a new AsyncHttpClient with default constructor arguments values
     */
    public AsyncHttpClient() {
        this(false, 80, 443);
    }
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对于默认值设置了HTTP协议的默认端口为80，HTTPS协议的默认端口为443。

在该函数中调用了AsyncHttpClient(SchemeRegistry schemeRegistry)构造函数，而真正的实例化获取逻辑过程就在AsyncHttpClient(SchemeRegistry schemeRegistry)方法中，如下所示：

/**
 * Creates a new AsyncHttpClient.
 *
 * @param schemeRegistry SchemeRegistry to be used
 */
public AsyncHttpClient(SchemeRegistry schemeRegistry) {

    BasicHttpParams httpParams = new BasicHttpParams();

    ConnManagerParams.setTimeout(httpParams, connectTimeout);
    ConnManagerParams.setMaxConnectionsPerRoute(httpParams, new ConnPerRouteBean(maxConnections));
    ConnManagerParams.setMaxTotalConnections(httpParams, DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS);

    HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParams, responseTimeout);
    HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParams, connectTimeout);
    HttpConnectionParams.setTcpNoDelay(httpParams, true);
    HttpConnectionParams.setSocketBufferSize(httpParams, DEFAULT_SOCKET_BUFFER_SIZE);

    HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(httpParams, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);

    ClientConnectionManager cm = createConnectionManager(schemeRegistry, httpParams);
    Utils.asserts(cm != null, "Custom implementation of #createConnectionManager(SchemeRegistry, BasicHttpParams) returned null");

    threadPool = getDefaultThreadPool();
    requestMap = Collections.synchronizedMap(new WeakHashMap());
    clientHeaderMap = new HashMap();

    httpContext = new SyncBasicHttpContext(new BasicHttpContext());
    httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(cm, httpParams);
    httpClient.addRequestInterceptor(new HttpRequestInterceptor() {
        @Override
        public void process(HttpRequest request, HttpContext context) {
            if (!request.containsHeader(HEADER_ACCEPT_ENCODING)) {
                request.addHeader(HEADER_ACCEPT_ENCODING, ENCODING_GZIP);
            }
            for (String header : clientHeaderMap.keySet()) {
                if (request.containsHeader(header)) {
                    Header overwritten = request.getFirstHeader(header);
                    Log.d(LOG_TAG,
                            String.format("Headers were overwritten! (%s | %s) overwrites (%s | %s)",
                                    header, clientHeaderMap.get(header),
                                    overwritten.getName(), overwritten.getValue())
                    );

                    //remove the overwritten header
                    request.removeHeader(overwritten);
                }
                request.addHeader(header, clientHeaderMap.get(header));
            }
        }
    });

    httpClient.addResponseInterceptor(new HttpResponseInterceptor() {
        @Override
        public void process(HttpResponse response, HttpContext context) {
            final HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if (entity == null) {
                return;
            }
            final Header encoding = entity.getContentEncoding();
            if (encoding != null) {
                for (HeaderElement element : encoding.getElements()) {
                    if (element.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(ENCODING_GZIP)) {
                        response.setEntity(new InflatingEntity(entity));
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    });

    httpClient.addRequestInterceptor(new HttpRequestInterceptor() {
        @Override
        public void process(final HttpRequest request, final HttpContext context) throws HttpException, IOException {
            AuthState authState = (AuthState) context.getAttribute(ClientContext.TARGET_AUTH_STATE);
            CredentialsProvider credsProvider = (CredentialsProvider) context.getAttribute(
                    ClientContext.CREDS_PROVIDER);
            HttpHost targetHost = (HttpHost) context.getAttribute(ExecutionContext.HTTP_TARGET_HOST);

            if (authState.getAuthScheme() == null) {
                AuthScope authScope = new AuthScope(targetHost.getHostName(), targetHost.getPort());
                Credentials creds = credsProvider.getCredentials(authScope);
                if (creds != null) {
                    authState.setAuthScheme(new BasicScheme());
                    authState.setCredentials(creds);
                }
            }
        }
    }, 0);

    httpClient.setHttpRequestRetryHandler(new RetryHandler(DEFAULT_MAX_RETRIES, DEFAULT_RETRY_SLEEP_TIME_MILLIS));
}
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从代码的最顶层分析，构造参数传入的是SchemeRegistry对象，查看源码这是一个静态的方法，主要存储一些协议的东西

 public SchemeRegistry() {         super();         registeredSchemes = new ConcurrentHashMap();     }

上面的代码我们主要关注下addResponseInterceptor和addResponseInterceptor，此两个方法主要将我们的请求头和请求的实体加到HttpRequest队列中，对android1.5之前的熟悉的朋友都知道，在最早之前没有流行这些第三方之前我们就是通过HttpRequest来请求的，这等同于j2ee的HttpServletRequest.

接下来我们调运的就是AsyncHttpClient里面的各种get、post、delete等方法，通过看代码可以发现它们最终调用的都是sendRequest方法，如下：

    /**
     * Puts a new request in queue as a new thread in pool to be executed
     *
     * @param client          HttpClient to be used for request, can differ in single requests
     * @param contentType     MIME body type, for POST and PUT requests, may be null
     * @param context         Context of Android application, to hold the reference of request
     * @param httpContext     HttpContext in which the request will be executed
     * @param responseHandler ResponseHandler or its subclass to put the response into
     * @param uriRequest      instance of HttpUriRequest, which means it must be of HttpDelete,
     *                        HttpPost, HttpGet, HttpPut, etc.
     * @return RequestHandle of future request process
     */
    protected RequestHandle sendRequest(DefaultHttpClient client, HttpContext httpContext, HttpUriRequest uriRequest, String contentType, ResponseHandlerInterface responseHandler, Context context) {
        if (uriRequest == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("HttpUriRequest must not be null");
        }

        if (responseHandler == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("ResponseHandler must not be null");
        }

        if (responseHandler.getUseSynchronousMode() && !responseHandler.getUsePoolThread()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Synchronous ResponseHandler used in AsyncHttpClient. You should create your response handler in a looper thread or use SyncHttpClient instead.");
        }

        if (contentType != null) {
            if (uriRequest instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase && ((HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase) uriRequest).getEntity() != null) {
                Log.w(LOG_TAG, "Passed contentType will be ignored because HttpEntity sets content type");
            } else {
                uriRequest.setHeader(HEADER_CONTENT_TYPE, contentType);
            }
        }

        responseHandler.setRequestHeaders(uriRequest.getAllHeaders());
        responseHandler.setRequestURI(uriRequest.getURI());

        AsyncHttpRequest request = newAsyncHttpRequest(client, httpContext, uriRequest, contentType, responseHandler, context);
        threadPool.submit(request);
        RequestHandle requestHandle = new RequestHandle(request);

        if (context != null) {
            // Add request to request map
            List requestList = requestMap.get(context);
            synchronized (requestMap) {
                if (requestList == null) {
                    requestList = Collections.synchronizedList(new LinkedList());
                    requestMap.put(context, requestList);
                }
            }

            requestList.add(requestHandle);

            Iterator iterator = requestList.iterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                if (iterator.next().shouldBeGarbageCollected()) {
                    iterator.remove();
                }
            }
        }

        return requestHandle;
    }
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这个方法的主要作用是将一个新的请求添加到队列线程池中执行。 

调用本方法，主要实现 AsyncHttpRequest request = newAsyncHttpRequest(client, httpContext, uriRequest,contentType, responseHandler, context); 这行开始是主要的逻辑，其创建了请求，接着通过 threadPool.submit(request); 把请求提交到线程池，接着通过 RequestHandle requestHandle = new RequestHandle(request); 把请求包装到RequestHandle用于之后的取消、管理等操作。然后坐等现在池的我们请求的这个线程去执行，等待返回结果。

总结一下：

AsyncHttpClient 核心类，使用HttpClient执行网络请求，提供了get，put，post，delete，head等请求方法，使用起来很简单，只需以url及RequestParams调用相应的方法即可，还可以选择性地传入Context，用于取消Content相关的请求，同时必须提供ResponseHandlerInterface（AsyncHttpResponseHandler继承自ResponseHandlerInterface）的实现类，一般为AsyncHttpResponseHandler的子类，AsyncHttpClient内部有一个线程池，当使用AsyncHttpClient执行网络请求时，最终都会调用sendRequest方法，在这个方法内部将请求参数封装成AsyncHttpRequest（继承自Runnable）交由内部的线程池执行。

SyncHttpClient 继承自AsyncHttpClient，同步执行网络请求，AsyncHttpClient把请求封装成AsyncHttpRequest后提交至线程池，SyncHttpClient把请求封装成AsyncHttpRequest后直接调用它的run方法。

AsyncHttpRequest 继承自Runnabler，被submit至线程池执行网络请求并发送start，success等消息。

AsyncHttpResponseHandler 接收请求结果，一般重写onSuccess及onFailure接收请求成功或失败的消息，还有onStart，onFinish等消息。

TextHttpResponseHandler、JsonHttpResponseHandler、BaseJsonHttpResponseHandler这些类都继承自AsyncHttpResponseHandler，只是重写了AsyncHttpResponseHandler的onSuccess和onFailure方法，将请求结果进行了转换而已。

RequestParams 请求参数，可以添加普通的字符串参数，并可添加File，InputStream上传文件。